Showing posts with label segregation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label segregation. Show all posts

Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Why Does Detroit Have So Many Homeless Students & Families?

Sometimes, homeless students miss
school because they have to stand
in the Forgotten Harvest foodlines.
So, why are there so many homeless students in Detroit?

Well, just ask the Wayne County Treasurer and the Detroit Land Bank Authority.

Homelessness is a by-product of fake ass mortgage and property tax foreclosures.

We were not just warned of the increase in student homeless population, we were given a plan by lumping and dumping homeless students in the same Special Needs category as *color-ed* people.

Yup.

You can watch the video in the link, below.

EDUCATION: School Re-Segregation - Brown v. Board Of Education - A Residual Of Predictive Modeling Crap Databases Of Property Ownership & Gerrymandering


Oh, and if you did not know, we are talking about Covenant House, where they are busy, busy, busy, crunching those data to base their fake ass programs on evidence they generate in pretty pictures in their Public Private Partnership white papers.

Yup.

They even found some weird Social Worker, hot out of Wayne State University, doing corporal punishment in making these homeless students respect her authority, in the name of the tax exempt god.

Yup.

See, you need a Social Worker onsite to make sure you can qualify for those fake ass cost reimbursement programs to help homeless students, because they are working on an app.

Yup.

So, instead of ending stealin' the children, land & vote, because this is nothing but another act of gerrymandering, no one is going to talk about the lack of housing stock for these students to be able to live with their families, and not be processed as a datapoint, randomly assigned to maximize revenues.

These students are going to end up enrolled, by database, only.

There are no services in the schools.

They are even trying to get rid of human resources.

At least these charter schools can compete for enrollment, but I am pretty sure this is going to be a Bethany Christian operation.

If we are undercounting students, then we are undercounting the parents, too.

How come the Census cannot be meshed with all the other databases?

They are already creating their own, privatized, predictive modeling crap gerrymandering database libraries.

How come no one will speak upon why we have homeless families in the first place?

Because there is too much money to be made by the Privateers.

Will this new system address human trafficking?

Will these students be placed under the aegis of these schools, in some shape or fashion, like a transfer of parental rights to the new corporate parent?

That is how they can do that "concurrent planning" for permanency to double bill Medicaid.

Detroit schools get automated alert when students enter homeless shelters

Thousands of homeless students aren't being identified as such by their schools, one researcher says. And that means they're not getting the services that could help them stay in school when they need it the most.

A new referral system sends Detroit schools an automatic alert when one of its students enters a homeless shelter. Advocates say it’s a simple but critical step, because they believe Detroit is drastically undercounting the number of students who are homeless.

Unless they’re identified, those students won’t receive the services they’re legally entitled to under federal law, including transportation and immediate enrollment, even if they don’t have the typically required paperwork, like proof of residency. That’s according to Jennifer Erb-Downward, a senior research associate with the University of Michigan’s Poverty Solutions Initiative.

"When we don't identify a child as experiencing homelessness and housing instability, we are denying them a right to education,” she says. “And we are all but guaranteeing they're going to be chronically absent from school.”

How it works

Whenever a family with school-aged children goes through the intake process for a homeless shelter in Detroit, the staff will alert the Wayne Community Metropolitan Community Action Agency, which is already overseeing a county-wide homeless assistance program. The agency will then alert the school’s homeless liaison, a position all school districts are required to fill. They’re currently about three months into the pilot program in Detroit, Erb-Downward says.

“The reason we set it up that way was because the person who administers the countywide homelessness program also has access to the HMIS system, because she's completed training in that. So she can get this automatic referral and then follow up with families to connect them to their schools, to connect them to the supports that they are eligible for," Erb-Downward said.

Why it’s needed

According to Erb-Downward’s research, roughly 1 in 6 kids in Michigan’s public school system is chronically absent (missing 10% or more of school days) and 40% of homeless students were chronically absent in the 2016-2017 school year. Chronically absent students are significantly more likely to drop out of school and less likely to meet grade-level standards, Erb-Downward says.

She says living in unstable conditions, or buildings that lack heat or water can contribute to poor health.

“One of the largest factors driving chronic absenteeism for kids is asthma. And if you're experiencing housing instability and homelessness, being able to control your asthma and not have it be something that prevents you from going to school can be very, very challenging," she said.

Thousands of homeless students not being identified

Because families or students may not feel comfortable telling schools they’re experiencing homelessness, getting those students the help they’re afforded by the federal law (known as the McKinney–Vento Homeless Assistance Act) can be a challenge.

Erb-Downward believes public schools in Detroit are undercounting the number of homeless students they have by thousands.

“There is this sort of unofficial threshold, which is that if less than 10% of low income students in a school district are being identified as experiencing housing instability or homelessness, that there's a possible undercount taking place,” she says.

But in Detroit, 96% of all schools identified less than 10% of low-income students at homeless, according to Erb-Downward. The city’s schools (including both charter the traditional public schools) identified 1,862 students as homeless, she says. But if the 10% threshold holds true, you’d expect to see at least 7,589 students identified as homeless.

“So there really is a very dramatic undercount that's going on,” Erb-Downward says.

But that’s not just a problem in Detroit. In fact, because the city actually has homeless shelters (unlike some parts of the state) this new system is really about capturing the “low hanging fruit,” Erb-Downward says: children who are at least part of the shelter system are far easier to count than those who may never enter a shelter, and instead live their family’s car or crash with a rotation of friends and relatives.

Still, any part of the state that does have a shelter system, could adapt this model.
“This is something that could be replicated across the state, basically in any county,” she says.

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Tuesday, July 23, 2019

OVERSIGHT: Government Operations Find Out Child Welfare In The States & Counties Suck - The Privatization Push For More Public Private Partnerships In Trafficking Tiny Humans Social Impact Bond Programs

Instead of addressing the public corruption, the fraud, waste, abuse and trafficking tiny humans in the States and Counties Child Welfare Programs, there is a push to continue dumping more money into the expansion of more Public Private Partnership, by making these foreign operations more governmental like so they can take control of more of the money so they can come up with more Social Impact Bond programs in the schools and Foster Care.

Betsy already pitched the model by reanimating 1960s segregation operations.

EDUCATION: School Re-Segregation - Brown v. Board Of Education - A Residual Of Predictive Modeling Crap Databases Of Property Ownership & Gerrymandering

Lots of issues with unfunded mandates because Michigan has been pushing, or rather Betsy DeVos has, for these Public Private Partnerships to become eligible to transfer control of the entire Child Welfare System funding so they can put in the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops to maximize revenues to be able to cover these unfunded mandates.

TRANSLATION: GIVE US THE MONEY SO WE CAN STEAL IT, LAUNDER IT OVERSEAS THROUGH FAKE ASS CHILD WELFARE NGOs, INVEST IN FAKE ASS CHILDREN'S TRUSTS, TO FUND POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS SO WE CAN COME UP WITH MORE LAWS TO GET US MORE CRAPPY CHILD WELFARE PROGRAMS TO KEEP STEALIN' THE CHILDREN, THE LAND, AND THE VOTES.



Carbone came up about municipal bonds, waste treatment facilities, water rights, etc. because everything is being privatized, but SCOTUS did not consider public corruption and fraud or its ills upon the people.

They want to push private technological partnerships to reduce administrative costs, but failed to mention there are no civil rights in the private sector.

You cannot FOIA a private corporation.

You have not Right to Grievance or Due Process when under the legal auspices of a corporate parent when it comes to asset forfeiture for a civil debt, or rather, being a member of "The Poors" (always said with clinched teeth.)

Voting is beautiful, be beautiful ~ vote.©

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Betsy's Team Forgot To Bleachbit Dick DeVos' Financial Disclosures From His 2006 Campaign

Did you ever wonder how Betsy DeVos personally inures herself through a public office of appointment, with confirmation and consent from the Senate?

Well, wonder no more!

Yes, it is absolutely profitable to own the program for our nation's charter schools, and make up whatever educational policies you want, just as long as it generates a profit for your foreign held corporations.

You can do the same thing for U.S. DHHS child welfare policies, too.

EDUCATION: School Re-Segregation - Brown v. Board Of Education - A Residual Of Predictive Modeling Crap Databases Of Property Ownership & Gerrymandering


And do not forget all her child welfare NGOs, along with their foreign children's trust funds.

It seems Betsy's team forgot to bleachbit her husband's campaign material when he first tried to take over Michigan and privatize it.

I was there.

I saw everything.

I even had one of those thick cotton DeVos t-shirts.
Voting is beautiful, be beautiful ~ vote.©

Friday, June 7, 2019

The D-Day 75th Anniversary Forgot To Mention The Reasons Behind Segregation - Anti-Miscegenation Laws In Honor Of William Micou & His Troops

Yes, I found it quite interesting that all the regal ceremonies honoring the men on the Shores of Normandy, failed to mention the segregated unit who cleaned up everything.

Trump did not write that speech.

William Micou bears witness, as an original source, in the public record, the tale of segregation in the U.S. military.

It is called anti-miscengenation laws.

Slavery was never abolished, but for this moment, it is beineg bleachbitted and re-engineered as the new and improved child welfare of property ownership through the corporate parent.

It is legal, but like to keep this stuff out the school textbooks.

You are born of the legal station of the mother, called Right of the Womb.

They do not like legally spreading the wealth of those chattels, you know.

Since Pence forgot to honor them, I thought I would.

Listen to him.

I bet he has many, many more stories to tell about the Great Foreign Invasion of Detroit.

Thank you, Charlie.

94-year-old veteran remembers segregation of D-Day, 75 years later





William Micou - then and now.
FARMINGTON HILLS, Mich. (FOX 2) - A Michigan man stood on the beaches of Normandy as the allies battled to save the world. He wasn't there to fight, though, because he wasn't allowed to. He had a different purpose.

William Micou was 18 in 1942 when he joined the U.S. Army. He wanted to serve and was ready to fight for his country, but he couldn't.

"To tell you the truth, I kept telling my supervers - just let me go."

William was there, on the beaches on June 6, 1944 - but not to fight.

"During that time, the war, they was segregated."

The U.S. Army was segragated but William was still a soldier - in the Red Ball Express. He remembers what happened that day.

"They say it happen one way but, it didn't happen that way. I know because I was there," William remembers. "I was in the Red Ball express, and that was one of the problems."

William and the rest of his all-black platoon were tasked with supplying the soldiers. His daughter-in-law, Renee Micou, explains that wasn't their only job.

"The Red Ball Express - the all black unit actually came in and up to the front and brought them in supplies, they repaired their trucks and they brought out those who, actually, had been killed during the war," Renee said.

The job was important and dangerous. Today, 75 years later, William still has a military-like neatness to his room and proudly displays his awards and his handsome picture. You would think William would be proud.

"Sometimes I'd just rather be by myself then be around people."

And trying to get the truth as to why one black soldier really felt was emotional. He told FOX 2 that, at the time, that the Army didn't want African-Americans to take white women.

Today, the 94-year-old WWII veteran describes the segregation of the U.S. Army as, simply put, bad and can only hope it's better today.


Voting is beautiful, be beautiful ~ vote.©

Monday, May 6, 2019

EDUCATION: School Re-Segregation - Brown v. Board Of Education - A Residual Of Predictive Modeling Crap Databases Of Property Ownership & Gerrymandering

Before you watch this very painful hearing of educators who are poorly educated on the history of Brown v. Board of Education, here is the condensed congressional history that they are attempting to bleach and "re-segregate".

This was basically a #clownfest of individuals who are trying to pitch their new and improved versions of history, while trying to increase their foreign corporate profits by reanimating the residuals of the peculiar institution by telling really creative tales of how they are best to steward all the public education funding for students without saying that they are going to self embolden themselves with corporate parental rights in their school model for "The Poors".

Yes, this was a privatization pitch and there was not one mention of Detroit, where it all started.



Pierre is talking about black families being dissipated? 

Linda Darling-Hammond
Linda Darling-Hammond,
Predictive Modeling Crapper
"She is creepy."
WTF?  Dude needs some serious therapy.

what the hell 

schrier is talking real estate and financial investment.

The respondents are talking about investing.

this is gerrymandering

Scott stated that submissions into the record was open until May 14th, 2019 by 5:00 p.m. 

I see nothing on the committee site but I did find this if anyone is interested in commenting you can go to the following links: 


Charter schools suck, badly.  I know.  I am in Detroit. They started here.

This is geopolitical.


Then the Emergency Manager Law came in and privatized education.



These foreign corporations own our schools and I speculate there are land patents involved.

This is about forced migration.

There studies are crappy data collection methodology are like harvesting wheat shafts with scythes in the hot summer sun.

John C. Brittain
John Brittain, Attorney
who has no clue about the dirty
deeds of the NAACP
Brown v. Board of Education was based on a science study, "Tanks v. Talent".

Basically, the study was a parody to the study that said, "kids who grew up reading the newspaper in the home got more scholarships for universities and performed better on tests."

The study was done in the 1950s where only "certain people" could own property.

For example, sharecroppers had no toilets.

They had outhouses, not tanks in the home.

Indoor plumbing was for the rich, who owned houses, not shacks.

People in shacks could not afford to purchase a newspaper, which means, according to the original study, would be not able to get scholarships, would not perform well on tests, and as such, would never succeed to be property owners.

Ergo, the more the toilets in the home, the smarter and more successful in life the kids.

Kim Schrier, official portrait, 116th Congress.jpg
Kim Schrier
I used to have the study found in the African American History Journal, but Jstor is privatized, and got copyright on a case used in the Brown v. Board education, so I do not know why it is not in the public domain.

These DeVos witnesses, yes, conflict of interest, are talking about privatizing to help the state with their growing foster care and homeless students populations.

This is TARP.

They stole the children, the land and the votes, creating this population of foster care and homeless students, but I did learn something new!

These witnesses have redefined race by lumping English as a Second Language population as students of color.

They are skewing dirty data.....I love it because everyone up there on the diaz in committee, including their staff, are absolutely unqualified to catch that these people are pumping some some hard core, raw, predictive modeling crap.

This Darling-Hammond just said that kids tear up the schools and get more detention but did she say anything about the schools not having heat or books?

Nope, because she comes from a wealthy school district.

I bet she hangs out with Blasey-ford over there at Stanford but I did find their charter schools think tank which is probably run by some of those trust fund babies mommy and daddy dropped millions to get them into these graduate positions.

These are the people who are doing that generational gerrymandering.

Lessons for Developing School and District Capacity to Transform Literacy Instruction: The Canterbury Learning Collaborative

I knew I would find Social Impact Bonds.

https://edpolicy.stanford.edu/


They are mapping out voting districts through paramilitary instructor, not educator, networks.


Photo: Dan Losen
Daniel Losen,
He who does not know
Gracie Lee Boggs
or anything about the history
of Civil Rights
These people are talking about lumping racial disparities and psychological disabilities into quotas as their newly made up term of "re-segregation?

I just got chills of terror for these people, of whom command our educational institutions are a caustic affront, besmirching the profession of higher learning, by transmogrifying schools into institutions of predictive modeling  for civil asset forfeiture.

How can they even mention the "School-to-Prison" pipeline without mentioning Gracie Lee Boggs?

Seriously?


There they go talking that race crap as a reason to get more money for community development.

Jahana Hayes, official portrait, 116th Congress.jpg
Jahana Hayes,
the only one with common sense
I can smell the carve out from their entire second round of another TARP hustle to get more money through their reparations propaganda.

No parents wakes up and says, "oh, we cannot let little Johnny go to that school because there are too many (fill in the blank)."

Please, someone, make the stupid stop.

These people speak as if they have never set afoot in Detroit, where this entire privatized, charter school model was set up and failed miserably.


Defiance?

These people are talking about defiance in children.

Did you know there is a disorder called Oppositional Defiance Disorder and they have psychotropics to prescribe for it.
David Trone official photo.jpg
David Trone
should not be around
any children's issues

They used foster kids for the lab rat researach.

Here is an example of the growing foster care and homeless population of kids they want to service, as opposed to ending child poverty, but I digress.

You snatch a kid from his fmaily for being poor.

You put the kid in a foster care placement, that the Secretary of Education just so happens to have a familiar financial interest in the child placing agency privatized contracts.

The kid wants to go home.

You dope the kid up because the kid opposes foster care or being homeless.

Voting is beautiful, be beautiful ~ vote.©

Saturday, May 21, 2016

CONYERS: There Is No Excuse for School Segregation

A new report reveals that our public schools are still largely segregated by race and class

By John Conyers, Jr.
Dean of the U.S. House
of Representatives
John Conyers, Jr.
Rather than celebrating the anniversary of the landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision, which ruled that separate but equal treatment in education of blacks and whites was unconstitutional, we are left to ponder why school segregation survived well into the 21st century. This week, a federal judge ordered Cleveland, Miss., to desegregate its middle and high schools, which were running under an unconstitutional system. It has been reported that district officials have argued that desegregating the schools will cause white flight. Sadly, these claims are unsettlingly similar to those heard during the civil-rights era.

Like many in Congress, during educational policy debates, I was concerned that No Child Left Behind’s implementation failed to adequately address disparities in public schools and feared it might actually undermine educational equality. Two years ago, my colleagues Congressman Bobby Scott, former Congressman George Miller and I requested that the Government Accountability Office (GAO) investigate racial and socioeconomic isolation and integration in our secondary schools. The GAO report, released this week, revealed that our public schools are still largely segregated by race and class, and are resegregating at an alarming rate.

The percentage of schools in which 75% of students were both low-income and Hispanic or African American has increased from 9% of all K-12 public schools in 2001 to 16% of all such schools in 2014. Charter schools have seen similarly alarming trends, growing from 3% to 13% segregated by low-income as well as race and ethnicity. In absolute terms, the report shows that more than 20 million students of color now attend racially and socioeconomically isolated public schools, up from under 14 million students in 2001.

The GAO study also found that 61% of all high poverty schools are populated by at least 75% students of color. The report confirms that these high poverty, high minority schools don’t have as many resources as other non-high poverty, high minority schools. Additionally, it found that many students at these schools don’t have access to advanced coursework and are more likely to be suspended or expelled.

Though federal policy was intended to improve outcomes for at-risk students, serious structural barriers exist to achieving equal education for poor and minority students across the Nation. According to the U.S. Department of Education, African-American and Latino students are still less likely than their white or Asian peers to perform on grade level and twice as likely to drop out. Decades of research has shown that segregation negatively impacts student outcomes, with high school dropout rates significantly higher in poor, segregated schools.

Following the release of these findings, Congressman Bobby Scott and I, introduced H.R. 5260, the Equity and Inclusion Enforcement ActThis bill would overrule the 2001 Alexander v. Sandoval ruling, which stripped victims of discrimination of the right to bring disparate impact claims under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964The legislation would amend Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964—which bars any entity that receives federal dollars from discriminating on the basis of race, color or national origin—by restoring the right to individual civil court actions in cases involving disparate impact. The bill would also provide federal support to school districts to proactively monitor and ensure compliance with Title VI.

President Barack Obama signed the Every Student Succeeds Act into law last December. This critical legislation reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 and replaces the No Child Left Behind Act, providing drastic improvements to the challenges the law presented. It is my hope that the implementation of this act will help provide our schools with the long overdue resources they need to improve the quality of education for all students.

This week has proven that a focused effort is needed at the federal, state and local level to uphold the true meaning of Brown. The U.S. Departments of Education and Justice need to use the full extent of their authority to investigate the resegration of local schools and ensure that all children receive access to equal education at all publicly funded schools including both traditional and charter.

We must stop these trends toward resegegation from continuing unabated. Educational apartheid should not be an issue in the 21st century.

Voting is beautiful, be beautiful ~ vote.©

New report is 'huge warning sign' that desegregation has failed in US schools

Report illuminates extent to which US schools are becoming more segregated, with more than 60% of schools with high levels of poor students racially divided

When Terrance Green was a student at public schools starting in the 1980s, he celebrated his experience in the overwhelmingly black district.
John Conyers and Bobby Scott are pushing legislation that would amend Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and restore the rights of parents to file lawsuits against segregated school districts under claims of disparate impacts.
U.S. Representatives Bobby Scott and John Conyers, Jr.
“The teachers were outstanding … there was a very strong ethos around racial identity, around civil rights, around celebrating who we were,” he said.

It wasn’t lost on Green, however, that just north of 8 Mile Road – the demarcation line of Detroit and its suburbs – students had access to a significantly higher amount of resources.

“I do remember … 8 Mile being like the psychological barrier, even in the early 80s it was,” said Green, 33. “I knew there were these suburbs [that] had more amenities, but I don’t think I could articulate that as an elementary school child.”

A fourth-generation Detroiter, Green’s entry into the city’s public school system was only several years removed from a seminal 1974 US supreme court ruling on school desegregation, Milliken v Bradley, which ended a plan to integrate mostly white suburban schools into Detroit’s public school system. The city’s population continued to swiftly decline in the years that followed, eroding the school system’s resources in tandem until the state declared a financial emergency.

Green, a professor of educational policy and planning at the University of Texas at Austin, pointed to the Milliken decision as a “death knell” to implementing the supreme court’s 1954 decision in Brown v Board of Education to desegregate school systems.

“How do you have meaningful desegregation when you have white flight occurring at rapid rates, but we can’t involve suburban school districts where this was occurring?” Green said. “It stopped mandatory desegregation efforts metropolitan-wide.”

A report released this week by the Government Accountability Office illuminated the extent to which school systems across the US are, once again, becoming more segregated. The report found that more than 60% of schools with high levels of poor students were racially segregated, which the report defined as being at least 75% black or Latino.

The study reviewed federal data from 2001 to 2014 and found 16% of all US schools were both racially segregated and poor, increasing from about 7,000 schools in 2001 to 15,089 by 2013 to 2014. Observers and advocates for school desegregation said the report should be a “huge warning sign” that needs to be addressed.

“There are many who believe in this country that we are operating on an even playing field,” said Jadine Johnson, staff attorney at Advancement Project.

“I think what this report revealed … is that the legacies of slavery in this country, the legacies of Jim Crow, are alive and active,” she said. “That did not go away with Brown v Board of Education.”
Compared to other schools, the GAO report found, segregated schools offered fewer college prep, science, and math classes to take, and a disproportionate number of students were either held back in ninth grade, suspended, or expelled.

Michigan congressman John Conyers was among several lawmakers who requested the report, which was released on the 62nd anniversary of Brown v Board of Education. Conyers and Virginia congressman Bobby Scott are pushing legislation that would amend Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and restore the rights of parents to file lawsuits against segregated school districts under claims of disparate impacts, which are based on ascertaining the discriminatory effect of a policy rather than ascertaining a discriminatory intent.

"This GAO report confirms what has long been feared and proves that current barriers against educational equality are eerily similar to those fought during the civil rights movement,” Conyers said in a statement. “There simply can be no excuse for allowing educational apartheid in the 21st century.”

Johnson said the loss of parents’ ability to file disparate impact cases was a “huge blow to the civil rights community”. Johnson has assisted in filing several Title VI complaints in recent years with the federal department of education – complaints that could have been filed in federal court under Conyers’ proposal.

“Us having that right could have potentially … slowed down the school closures crisis that’s happening today,” she said.

In Conyers’ home state, the largest public school system – Detroit – is currently embroiled in a struggle for survival amid bloated class sizes, paltry resources, and large-scale protests waged by teachers who have faced the prospect of working without pay. Michigan’s governor, Rick Snyder, is pushing a controversial $715m plan to overhaul the district, which needs a significant influx of cash to move forward with much-needed repairs for dozens of dilapidated facilities.

Only one-third of high school students in Detroit public schools are proficient in reading, according to Snyder’s office.

Green said the Milliken decision is one of the “main culprits” in what has happened to his alma mater.

Despite the supreme court’s 1954 landmark decision that US schools must be desegregated, Detroit’s school system remained effectively segregated, stemming in part from an accelerated white flight. When the NAACP legally challenged the state of Michigan in 1970 to end the district’s segregation, at first, the federal courts agreed something needed to be done: A plan was crafted to bus students in from suburban districts and was upheld by an appellate court.

But the plan was quickly stamped out. In 1974, the US supreme court in a 5-4 ruling shot down the efforts in Detroit, saying desegregation measures had to remain inside district boundaries.

In a column he co-wrote for the Detroit Free Press, Green argued that “we need advocacy and policies for all schools to be equitable, and racially and socioeconomically diverse across metro Detroit so that all children can learn to grow up in a diverse nation.”

Compared to suburban districts, he said, citing the GAO report, segregated schools have less access to courses needed to exceed in college – and, in some cases, a lower level of teacher experience. Indeed, a plan approved by the Michigan house to overhaul Detroit schools would allow uncertified teachers to be hired by the district.

“So I think there’s also a resource argument that has to be made [for integration],” he said.
The GAO recommended that the US department of education “more routinely analyze” civil rights data to identify disparities and said the federal justice department could “systematically track key information on open federal school desegregation cases to which it is a party to better inform its monitoring”.

Eve Hill, US deputy assistant attorney general, wrote in a response letter to the report: “The Department carefully monitors each open desegregation case to which the United States is a party on a case-by-case basis, recognizing that each case is unique.” The justice department is involved in 178 open desegregation cases, stemming from court orders that originated in the 1970s and 1980s.

Green said the GAO report underscores the spirit of the Brown v Board of Education decision.
“It’s not just about putting white bodies and black bodies together,” he said. “It’s about understanding what they said in 54, that racially segregated and separate schools are inherently unequal.”

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