By Law & Order - DHS, GAO & OIG Transposable Model Of Armiger

By what right do you hold the public trust of office?

Is it time for those extraordinary writs in questioning armiger?

Me thinketh so.

There is a hierarchic structure in the heavens, and when the administration of justice is usurped, by the most nefariously, dubious means and methods, the heavens must fall, in order of law.

#maytheheavensfall

GAO finds acting DHS chief Chad Wolf, deputy Cuccinelli invalidly appointed to posts

GAO said it was referring the matter to the department's inspector general

The Government Accountability Office (GAO) on Friday said that the appointments of acting Homeland Security Secretary Chad Wolf and acting Deputy Ken Cuccinelli were made invalidly -- raising questions about the legality of decisions made during their tenures.

“Because the incorrect official assumed the title of Acting Secretary at that time, subsequent amendments to the order of succession made by that official were invalid and officials who assumed their positions under such amendments, including Chad Wolf and Kenneth Cuccinelli, were named by reference to an invalid order of succession,” the report, by Congress' investigative body, concluded.

The GAO investigated how the Trump administration filled posts at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) without Senate confirmation.

It found that, when then-DHS Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen resigned in April 2019, the order of succession dictated that it should have been the director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) who took over. Instead, President Trump appointed Kevin McAleenan -- who was then the head of Customs and Border Protection (CBP).

The opinion found that DHS mistakenly referred to regulations that spelled out the process for a disaster or catastrophic emergency, rather than an executive order that governed the typical order of succession.

“Mr. McAleenan would have been the appropriate official had Secretary Nielsen been unavailable to act during a disaster or catastrophic emergency. That was not the case here,” the report said.

Before he resigned, McAleenan revised the process to allow combine the two processes -- allowing Wolf and Cuccinelli to be appointed. But, the GAO found, because McAleenan was invalidly appointed, so were the changes he made to the order of succession.

“As such, Mr. McAleenan did not have the authority to amend the Secretary’s existing designation. Accordingly, Messrs. Wolf and Cuccinelli were named to their respective positions of Acting Secretary and Senior Official Performing the Duties of Deputy Secretary by reference to an invalid order of succession, it said.

“We wholeheartedly disagree with the GAO’s baseless report and plan to issue a formal response to this shortly," a DHS spokesperson told Fox News.

The opinion is not binding but is likely to raise questions about the legality of decisions made by Wolf and Cuccinelli during their times at head of the department since taking their posts in November last year -- questions likely to be seized on by those who oppose the Trump administration's tough actions on illegal immigration and its crackdown on violence against federal property in Portland.

GAO said it was not reviewing the legality of the actions taken by the officials and is instead referring it to the department's inspector general.

Under Wolf, the department has taken a number of moves to crack down on illegal immigration at the border and has made a number of agreements with countries south of the border to step the flow of migrants -- including a series of asylum cooperative agreements (ACA) with Northern Triangle countries.

Recently, Wolf’s DHS also ramped up federal presence in Portland and other cities in response to violence aimed at federal property. Federal law enforcement recently agreed with Oregon officials to scale back presence in Portland as long as the federal courthouse officers had been protecting could be kept safe.

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GAO OMB Decision On Withholding Ukraine Security Assistance

This is interesting.

A legal arm of Congress comes out with an opinion to support Congress in support of its congressional Articles of Impeachment.

Very interesting considering the fact that the GAO does not have the greatest history, particularly when we are dealing with children, but, hey, what do I know?

I know I have been on the GAO for more than a hot minute.

I also know that this is quite interesting that the GAO came up with this opinion, without examining any documents or questioning any humans.

This sounds like a CPS recommendation to terminate parental rights case.

You just cannot make this stuff up.

GAO finds Trump administration broke law by withholding Ukraine aid

The Trump administration’s decision to freeze the release of security assistance to Ukraine violated the law, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) said in a new report.

The independent watchdog said in an opinion issued Thursday that the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) withheld the appropriated funds last summer not as a programmatic delay but in order to advance the president’s own agenda.

By doing so, the watchdog concluded, the White House violated what’s known as the Impoundment Control Act (ICA).

“Faithful execution of the law does not permit the President to substitute his own policy priorities for those that Congress has enacted into law,” the report said. “OMB withheld funds for a policy reason, which is not permitted under the Impoundment Control Act (ICA)...Therefore, we conclude that OMB violated the ICA.”

The GAO opinion touched on a matter at the center of impeachment proceedings against President Trump: The decision by the White House to withhold nearly $400 million in U.S. aid to Kyiv as it fights off pro-Russian separatists.

Democrats allege Trump dangled the promise of aid and a White House meeting as leverage to get Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to open investigations into a 2020 political rival. They argue the White House then sought to obstruct their impeachment inquiry by blocking the testimony of current and former White House officials, while asserting absolute immunity over their testimony.

The OMB, however, pushed back against the GAO opinion, arguing that the White House office used the “apportionment authority to ensure taxpayer dollars are properly spent consistent with the President's priorities and with the law."

Acting OMB Director Russ Vought tweeted that the GAO report "comes from the same people who said we couldn’t keep National Parks open during the shutdown."

Administration officials have argued they were seeking to ensure Ukraine was properly fighting widespread corruption, despite the Pentagon already certifying at the time of the delay that Ukraine had met the requirements set by Congress and after notifying Congress of its intent to release the funds.

A senior administration official on Thursday characterized the GAO report as an “overreach” and blasted the independent watchdog for getting involved “in the media's controversy of the day.”

“In their rush to insert themselves in the impeachment narrative, maybe they'll have to reverse their opinion again," the senior administration official said, pointing to changes to earlier GAO opinions.

Still, the timing of the report’s release could not be more inconvenient for Republicans.

The GOP-controlled Senate on Thursday is expected to set a time for the House impeachment managers — who will be arguing the case on the Senate floor to remove Trump from office — to exhibit the articles of impeachment charging Trump with high crimes and misdemeanors.

The Senate procedure comes one day after the Democratic managers silently marched the two charges — abuse of power and obstruction of Congress — over to the upper chamber, setting the stage for the impeachment trial over Trump’s contacts with Ukraine.

Democrats, who have pushed Senate Republicans to allow new witnesses and testimony, are seizing on the GAO report as reinforcing their argument that the president abused his authority for politically motivated purposes.

“This bombshell legal opinion from the independent Government Accountability Office demonstrates, without a doubt, that the Trump Administration illegally withheld security assistance from Ukraine,” Sen. Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), who requested the GAO to review the hold, said in a statement. “The GAO’s independent findings reinforce the need for the Senate to obtain all relevant documents and hear from key fact witnesses in order to have a fair trial.”

House Intelligence Committee Chairman Adam Schiff (D-Calif.) in a statement said the GAO opinion “demonstrates once again that the President violated his constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed as he put his personal and political interests above the interests of the nation and its security.”

Pointing to the GAO opinion that federal employees and officials take oaths to protect the law of the land, Schiff said: “Now, the Senate will have the opportunity to act on its oath.”

The GAO report said Trump overstepped his authority. Congress has the power of the purse, the watchdog said, while the president has the power to accept or veto legislation passed by both chambers. But the president does not have the authority to then bend or ignore a law once it is enacted, the report said.

“The President is not vested with the power to ignore or amend any such duly enacted law,” the GAO said. “The Constitution grants the President no unilateral authority to withhold funds from obligation... Instead, Congress has vested the President with strictly circumscribed authority to impound, or withhold, budget authority only in limited circumstances as expressly provided in the ICA.”

The GAO noted that the White House could have provided a detailed and specific reasoning to justify the withholding under the Impoundment Control Act at the time, but the OMB did not do so.

“Not only did OMB not submit a special message with such a proposal, the footnotes in the apportionment schedules, by their very terms, established dates for the release of amounts withheld,” the GAO wrote.

The only other authority to put a freeze on the aid, the GAO said, is to withhold the funds through a deferral, a decision that would be justified if the administration had recognized “savings or efficiencies that would result from a withholding, or any law specifically authorizing the withholding.”

“In its response to us, OMB described the withholding as necessary to ensure that the funds were not spent ‘in a manner that could conflict with the President’s foreign policy,’” the report said. “The ICA does not permit deferrals for policy reasons...OMB’s justification for the withholding falls squarely within the scope of an impermissible policy deferral.”

Mark Sandy, a senior OMB official, told House investigators during a closed-door deposition in late November that Trump's delay rankled agency staffers, leading two employees to resign in part because of their frustration.

“This person expressed to me concerns about actions vis-à-vis the Impoundment Control Act,” Sandy testified, referring to an OMB lawyer who had resigned.

The GAO report comes shortly after the House acquired new evidence from Lev Parnas, an associate of Trump’s personal lawyer Rudy Giuliani, who has claimed the president was aware of a scheme to seek the removal of U.S. Ambassador to Ukraine Marie Yovanovitch and to create conditions to push Zelensky to announce investigations into former Vice President Joe Biden and his son Hunter Biden in order to help Trump’s 2020 reelection chances.

The White House has denied the claims of wrongdoing, attacking the credibility of Parnas, who is under indictment.

Democrats also received ammunition from former national security adviser John Bolton after he said in a statement earlier this month that he would be willing to testify if the GOP-controlled Senate chose to subpoena him for testimony.

It is unclear whether witnesses will be allowed in the trial.

Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) has been cold to the idea of calling any witnesses, but Democrats won a near-term victory on Wednesday when the GOP leader agreed to a rules package that leaves open the potential for new witnesses to appear.

Anything less, Democrats have charged, would be a dereliction of the Senate’s duty.

GAO Office of Management and Budget—Withholding of Ukraine Security Assistance File: B-331564 January 16,... by Beverly Tran on Scribd

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JUDICIARY: Opening Statement of Ranking Member Jerrold Nadler for the Forum on Enforcement of the Civil Rights Act in U.S. Schools

Watch Here

Washington, D.C. – Today, on the anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education, House Judiciary Committee Ranking Member Jerrold Nadler (D-NY) joined his colleagues in Democratic leadership to unveil a resolution to affirm support for disparate impact analysis as an enforcement tool of Title VI under the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The resolution also calls on the Trump administration to fully enforce federal civil rights law to advance equal opportunity in education. Ranking Member Nadler announced this resolution at a forum he co-hosted with Congressman Bobby Scott (VA-03), Ranking Member of the Committee on Education and the Workforce.

Below are Ranking Member Nadler’s remarks at the forum, as prepared for delivery:

“Good afternoon. I am pleased to join my friend, the Ranking Member of the Education and the Workforce Committee, Representative Bobby Scott of Virginia, as we delve into educational equity issues in the wake of No Child Left Behind.  Those of you who are Hill veterans will recall the many years that Representative Scott and I sat beside one another on the Judiciary Committee dais to debate and defend issues on the Constitution, civil rights and civil liberties. 

“Earlier today, we introduced a resolution to affirm Congress’s intent for the Trump Administration to fully enforce federal civil rights laws that advance equal opportunity in education. I hope this is the first of many efforts together in our roles as Ranking Members on the Education and the Workforce and Judiciary Committees.

“As we meet today, on the 64^th anniversary of the Brown v. Board of Education decision, we are reminded of both, historically, the progress in addressing racial inequality in our education system and, more contemporaneously, just how much work still needs to be done.  By one reckoning, the Brown decision was an epic victory in the fight for equality.  By another, it signaled a school-by-school effort to advance educational achievement for minority students, culminating with the enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

“More than 50 years after the passage of the Civil Rights Act, education issues still generate partisan controversy and have the power to divide communities.  Under the Trump administration, Education Secretary Betsy DeVos has begun dismissing hundreds of civil rights complaints under a new protocol that allows investigators to disregard cases that are part of serial filings or that they consider burdensome to the office.  She has also rescinded Obama-era guidelines that have prodded colleges and universities to more aggressively investigate campus sexual assaults.  She has further threatened to rescind other important Obama-era guidelines that have proved critical to protecting students, like the 2014 School Discipline Guidance, that we will discuss later.

“We are joined today by the Government Accountability Office and other experts to highlight important research around resegregation and school discipline. In 2016, the GAO found that schools were resegregating at alarming rates and, just last month, the GAO found that students of color suffer harsher punishment in school than their peers.  In the face of mounting challenges faced by students of color as the Trump Administration attempts to roll back critical civil rights protections, Congress must remain vigilant to address these problems and to check the Trump Administration’s abuses. Our students deserve no less.”

BACKGROUND:

The original co-sponsors for the resolution include Ranking Member Bobby Scott (VA-03), Ranking Member Jerrold Nadler (NY-10), House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi (CA-12), House Minority Whip Steny Hoyer (MD-05), Assistant Democratic Leader James Clyburn (SC-06), Chair of the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus Judy Chu (CA-27), Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus Cedric Richmond (LA-02), Chair of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Michelle Lujan Grisham (NM-01), and additional Democratic Members of Congress.

On April 4, 2018, Ranking Members Scott and Nadler released a GAO report entitled, “Discipline Disparities for Black Students, Boys, and Students with Disabilities.” This report found that Black students, boys, and students with disabilities are disproportionately disciplined in K-12 public schools. This pattern of disproportionate discipline persists regardless of the type of disciplinary action, level of school poverty, or type of public school students attend. To read more about this report, click here.

On May 17, 2016, Committees on the Judiciary and Education and the Workforce Democrats unveiled a GAO report entitled, “K-12 EDUCATION: Better Use of Information Could Help Agencies Identify Disparities and Address Racial Discrimination.” This report confirmed that increasing segregation along the lines of race and poverty continue to be a driver for inequities in education. The report identified actions needed to reduce racial and socioeconomic segregation, and addressed disparities in K-12 public schools. To read more about this report, click here.

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JUDICIARY: Scott, Nadler Release New GAO Report that Proves Students of Color Suffer Harsher Discipline for Lesser Offenses

Although I respect the investigative staff of the this GAO report on another segment of the child welfare system, I must also respectively point out that the report is flawed for the following reasons:

1. It does not say a word about Child Protective Services, which was specifically designed to for discipline disparities for black students, boys, and student with disabilities;
2. There is no mention of what is considered as "Black" or "More than two races" are, meaning, data collection is extremely biased as it did not properly apply the "one-drop rule" when it comes to federal funding of programs specifically designed to target these populations.
3. The variable classifications used can be seen as a violation of federal law.
4. There was no mention for data inclusion for children in Foster Care programs or the fact that these foster youth in many situations have no educational records.
5. There is no mention of the data obstacle that Foster Care information is considered a "privacy" issue and many of the cases are sealed in State courts.
6. There is no mention that the GAO tried to do a study on Foster Care but previously was shuttered.
7. There is no mention of fraud.
8. There is no mention on the drugging of children.
9. There is no mention of residential institutions.
10. The report lightly glosses over the concept of poverty and the impact in cognitive and developmental challenges due to things like environmental or sardonic policies slashing educational services for youth
11. There is no stratified geographic data to further analyze, what I am just going to say, issues with these NGO programs training educators to function in such a disparaging capacity.
12. There is no mention of States asset forfeiture social welfare programs where language is being transformed to include the terms "youth, aged, mental health, poverty" which are being lumped into the term "disabled".
13. This is what is called "Targeted Populations" of Medicaid Fraud in Child Welfare.
14. The report omits anything regarding the trafficking of tiny humans.
15. The pdf of the report https://www.gao.gov/assets/700/690828.pdf  is locked, and tagged as "assets", which leads me to believe there is fraud and someone other than the children are going to benefit from the outcomes of this report in some private contracts and campaign finance.

This report sucks because it is based up the same exact report it did that sucked which I have embedded below, because the pdf was not locked, unlike this report.

The report also sucks because I see that crappy predictive modeling for those darn Social Impact Bonds.

WASHINGTON – Today, Congressman Bobby Scott (VA-03), ranking member of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce and Congressman Jerrold Nadler (NY-10), ranking member of the House Committee on the Judiciary released a Government Accountability Office (GAO) report entitled, “Discipline Disparities for Black Students, Boys, and Students with Disabilities.” The ranking members requested that the GAO investigate disparities in discipline policies and practices applied to students of color, boys, and students with disabilities.

“The Government Accountability Office has conducted first-of-its-kind analysis of national data which dispels claims that racially disproportionate rates of discipline are based solely on income. The analysis shows that students of color suffer harsher discipline for lesser offenses than their white peers and that racial bias is a driver of discipline disparities,” said Ranking Member Bobby Scott (VA-03). “This report underscores the need to combat these gross disparities by strengthening, not rescinding, the 2014 Discipline Guidance Package, which recommends specific strategies to reduce the disparities without jeopardizing school safety.”

Black students, boys, and students with disabilities are disproportionately disciplined in K-12 public schools. This pattern of disproportionate discipline persists regardless of the type of disciplinary action, level of school poverty, or type of public school students attend.

“After an extensive analysis by the Government Accountability Office, there can be no ignoring the facts of racial biases – facts that the Trump Administration must face head-on and cannot refute,” said Ranking Member Jerrold Nadler (NY-10) of the House Judiciary Committee. “The GAO report shows that race plays a significant role in discipline disparities, with students of color suffering harsher punishment in school compared with their peers. To suggest otherwise would require ignoring the major factor in these disparities, and ignorance of the facts can be no excuse for failing these students. Ignoring the impact of race on school discipline would be unconscionable and fail to address a critical issue impacting school performance by students of color. I thank Ranking Member Scott for his dedication to this important issue, and hope the Administration will finally come to grips with the realities faced by students of color. Secretary DeVos and the Department of Education must ensure that the necessary resources and guidelines are in place to address these disturbing racial disparities in our schools, and I hope this report will provide the necessary urgency for quick action on this matter.”

In 2014, the Department of Education and the Department of Justice issued a School Discipline Guidance Package, to remind schools of their legal obligations to administer school discipline without discriminating on the base of race, color, or national origin. Based on the empirical evidence provided in this GAO report, it is critically important the guidance be strengthened, and not rescinded, as some have suggested.  If the Department moves to turn a blind eye to the evidence-based research in this report, it will rob our nation’s students of full civil rights protections and informed decision-making.

GAO Report Missing Monetization Incentives To Segregate Kids

GAO Report on Disparities and Racial Segregation in K-12 Education by Beverly Tran on Scribd

Boy, oh boy! I cannot wait until they come out with the third addition on research of the research of the research.

Someone got paid.  Just look into the footnotes.

Always look at the footnotes.

To finally bring my point home that these reports suck, Michigan does the same thing on this issue, appropriating money to study and report the same thing about these children, and nothing gets done, except people make money to fund campaigns to make sure they will get a private contract to do more research.

Equity: Moving Toward Better Outcomes for All of Michigan's Children 2006 by Beverly Tran on Scribd

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FOSTA, SESTA, Intellectual Property & Trafficking Tiny Humans: The Law Of Chattels

Now, I know why FBI Rod Rosenstein covers up trafficking of tiny humans:

It was financial and political: Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA) and the Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act (SESTA)

Proud that passage of H.R.1865 is having an IMMEDIATE impact on websites advertising prostitution, several shutting down in the past few days. #fosta-#sesta

— Bob Goodlatte (@RepGoodlatte) March 23, 2018

Here is the campaign to Stop SESTA.

I have no position at this time except to say that this looks exactly like the Stop SOPA/PIPA campaign, which was about intellectual property, the law of chattels, which is nothing more than child welfare.

The best way of ending human trafficking is to stop making people poor.

Besides, how do you think children who age out of foster care, or run away, or just live on the streets because there is no assistance, eat?

I will be watching because Lil' Miss Nancy Pelosi should be watching this, too.

FOSTA and SESTA: The Anti-Trafficking Legislation that is a Giveaway to Traffickers

Two “anti-trafficking” bills are making their rounds in Congress right now with some powerful support: the Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA) and the Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act (SESTA).  To date, FOSTA has passed the House alone and SESTA has only been introduced, but the passing of one or the other is so expected that changes are already happening with various sites shutting down and other sites dropping sections of their websites.

However, far from helping fight sex trafficking, which these two bill superficially attempt to do, these bills are a giveaway to human traffickers who will find it easier to find individuals to traffick even if it is harder to market them – it is still a net win for traffickers.

Rather, these bills targets sex workers, individuals who voluntarily engage in the sex trade for their subsistence.  It is not the sex traffickers who will suffer, but those who freelance in sex work and are already finding themselves more vulnerable to abuse, violence, and even being trafficked as slaves.

READ MORE: https://yttribune.com/2018/04/03/fosta-and-sesta-the-anti-trafficking-legislation-that-is-a-giveaway-to-traffickers/

DOJ Seizes Backpage.com Weeks After Congress Passes Sex Trafficking Law

The Justice Department today seized the website of BackPage.com and replaced it with a banner indicating that it has been seized by the government.

Backpage, for years, has been accused of accepting classified ads promoting prostitution which allegedly resulted in sex trafficking of both adults and minors.

READ MORE: https://www.forbes.com/sites/larrymagid/2018/04/06/doj-seizes-backpage-com-weeks-after-congress-passes-sex-trafficking-law/#2eb911a150ba

AT THE SECOND SESSION

Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday,
the third day of January, two thousand and eighteen

To amend the Communications Act of 1934 to clarify that section 230 of such Act does not prohibit the enforcement against providers and users of interactive computer services of Federal and State criminal and civil law relating to sexual exploitation of children or sex trafficking, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the “Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act of 2017”.

SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

It is the sense of Congress that—

(1) section 230 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 230; commonly known as the “Communications Decency Act of 1996”) was never intended to provide legal protection to websites that unlawfully promote and facilitate prostitution and websites that facilitate traffickers in advertising the sale of unlawful sex acts with sex trafficking victims;

(2) websites that promote and facilitate prostitution have been reckless in allowing the sale of sex trafficking victims and have done nothing to prevent the trafficking of children and victims of force, fraud, and coercion; and

(3) clarification of such section is warranted to ensure that such section does not provide such protection to such websites.

SEC. 3. PROMOTION OF PROSTITUTION AND RECKLESS DISREGARD OF SEX TRAFFICKING.

(a) Promotion Of Prostitution.—Chapter 117 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 2421 the following:

“§ 2421A. Promotion or facilitation of prostitution and reckless disregard of sex trafficking

“(a) In General.—Whoever, using a facility or means of interstate or foreign commerce or in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, owns, manages, or operates an interactive computer service (as such term is defined in defined in section 230(f) the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 230(f))), or conspires or attempts to do so, with the intent to promote or facilitate the prostitution of another person shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both.

“(b) Aggravated Violation.—Whoever, using a facility or means of interstate or foreign commerce or in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, owns, manages, or operates an interactive computer service (as such term is defined in defined in section 230(f) the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 230(f))), or conspires or attempts to do so, with the intent to promote or facilitate the prostitution of another person and—

“(1) promotes or facilitates the prostitution of 5 or more persons; or

“(2) acts in reckless disregard of the fact that such conduct contributed to sex trafficking, in violation of 1591(a),

shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 25 years, or both.

“(c) Civil Recovery.—Any person injured by reason of a violation of section 2421A(b) may recover damages and reasonable attorneys’ fees in an action before any appropriate United States district court.

“(d) Mandatory Restitution.—Notwithstanding sections 3663 or 3663A and in addition to any other civil or criminal penalties authorized by law, the court shall order restitution for any violation of subsection (b)(2). The scope and nature of such restitution shall be consistent with section 2327(b).

“(e) Affirmative Defense.—It shall be an affirmative defense to a charge of violating subsection (a), or subsection (b)(1) where the defendant proves, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the promotion or facilitation of prostitution is legal in the jurisdiction where the promotion or facilitation was targeted.”.

(b) Table Of Contents.—The table of contents for such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 2421 the following:

“2421A. Promotion or facilitation of prostitution and reckless disregard of sex trafficking.”.

SEC. 4. ENSURING ABILITY TO ENFORCE FEDERAL AND STATE CRIMINAL AND CIVIL LAW RELATING TO SEX TRAFFICKING.

(a) In General.—Section 230(e) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 230(e)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(5) NO EFFECT ON SEX TRAFFICKING LAW.—Nothing in this section (other than subsection (c)(2)(A)) shall be construed to impair or limit—

“(A) any claim in a civil action brought under section 1595 of title 18, United States Code, if the conduct underlying the claim constitutes a violation of section 1591 of that title;

“(B) any charge in a criminal prosecution brought under State law if the conduct underlying the charge would constitute a violation of section 1591 of title 18, United States Code; or

“(C) any charge in a criminal prosecution brought under State law if the conduct underlying the charge would constitute a violation of section 2421A of title 18, United States Code, and promotion or facilitation of prostitution is illegal in the jurisdiction where the defendant’s promotion or facilitation of prostitution was targeted.”.

(b) Effective Date.—The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act, and the amendment made by subsection (a) shall apply regardless of whether the conduct alleged occurred, or is alleged to have occurred, before, on, or after such date of enactment.

SEC. 5. ENSURING FEDERAL LIABILITY FOR PUBLISHING INFORMATION DESIGNED TO FACILITATE SEX TRAFFICKING OR OTHERWISE FACILITATING SEX TRAFFICKING.

Section 1591(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs (5) and (6), respectively; and

(2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:

“(4) The term ‘participation in a venture’ means knowingly assisting, supporting, or facilitating a violation of subsection (a)(1).”.

SEC. 6. ACTIONS BY STATE ATTORNEYS GENERAL.

(a) In General.—Section 1595 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(d) In any case in which the attorney general of a State has reason to believe that an interest of the residents of that State has been or is threatened or adversely affected by any person who violates section 1591, the attorney general of the State, as parens patriae, may bring a civil action against such person on behalf of the residents of the State in an appropriate district court of the United States to obtain appropriate relief.”.

(b) Technical And Conforming Amendments.—Section 1595 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in subsection (b)(1), by striking “this section” and inserting “subsection (a)”; and

(2) in subsection (c), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “this section” and inserting “subsection (a)”.

SEC. 7. SAVINGS CLAUSE.

Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed to limit or preempt any civil action or criminal prosecution under Federal law or State law (including State statutory law and State common law) filed before or after the day before the date of enactment of this Act that was not limited or preempted by section 230 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 230), as such section was in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 8. GAO STUDY.

On the date that is 3 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study and submit to the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and of the Senate, the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, a report which includes the following:

(1) Information on each civil action brought pursuant to section 2421A(c) of title 18, United States Code, that resulted in an award of damages, including the amount claimed, the nature or description of the losses claimed to support the amount claimed, the losses proven, and the nature or description of the losses proven to support the amount awarded.

(2) Information on each civil action brought pursuant to section 2421A(c) of title 18, United States Code, that did not result in an award of damages, including—

(A) the amount claimed and the nature or description of the losses claimed to support the amount claimed; and

(B) whether the case was dismissed, and if the case was dismissed, information describing the reason for the dismissal.

(3) Information on each order of restitution entered pursuant to section 2421A(d) of title 18, United States Code, including—

(A) whether the defendant was a corporation or an individual;

(B) the amount requested by the Government and the justification for, and calculation of, the amount requested, if restitution was requested; and

(C) the amount ordered by the court and the justification for, and calculation of, the amount ordered.

(4) For each defendant convicted of violating section 2421A(b) of title 18, United States Code, that was not ordered to pay restitution—

(A) whether the defendant was a corporation or an individual;

(B) the amount requested by the Government, if restitution was requested; and

(C) information describing the reason that the court did not order restitution.

Attest:

Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Attest:

Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate.

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JUDICIARY: Statement of Ranking Member Jerrold Nadler for the Hearing on “Assessing the Effectiveness of the Transitional Program for Covered Business Method Patents”

Did you know that:

There are multiple mortgage patents filed specifically to stimulate the foreclosure industry?

There are multiple mortgage patents filed specifically for TARP?

There are multiple foster care patents?

There are even patents for adoption?

Did you know that you can leverage patents as assets?

Did you know patents are the new birth certificates?

Did you know patents are the newest form of human trafficking?

I am just going to sit back, eating my popcorn, to see if anyone in Judiciary is going to drop the dirty on human trafficking, foreclosure and TARP patents.

Have no fear, if they do not broach the topics of stealin', I shall address the issues with delight! 

Washington, D.C. - House Judiciary Committee Ranking Member Jerrold Nadler (D-NY) delivered the following opening statement during a Courts, Intellectual Property, and the Internet Subcommittee hearing entitled, “Assessing the Effectiveness of the Transitional Program for Covered Business Method Patents”:

Mr. Chairman, the United States leads the world in innovation because our strong patent system helps translate creativity into economic growth by enabling creators to protect and to exploit their inventions.  But maintaining a strong patent system also requires that only truly novel and useful inventions receive this protection.

Over the last two decades, business method patents have posed a unique challenge to this vibrant patent system.  For a variety of reasons—including the difficulty in identifying prior art where business methods are concerned, the lack of clear guidelines for what was eligible to be patented, and an overburdened Patent and Trademark Office—a significant number of poor-quality business method patents began flooding the system starting in the late 1990s, when the courts first ruled that business methods could be patented.

Many of these business method patents were overbroad or unclear, and they became prime targets for so-called “patent trolls”.  With these low-quality patents in hand, the patent trolls could extort financial settlements from defendants, who might reasonably conclude that it made financial sense to settle even a bogus claim, rather than to engage in costly litigation.  Although later court decisions and new Patent Office procedures limited the impact that future business method patents would have on the patent system, these improvements could not address the existing patents that were still wreaking havoc, particularly within the financial services sector. 

It was against this backdrop that Congress created the Transitional Program for Covered Business Method Patents as part of the 2011 America Invents Act, which ushered in a host of reforms to strengthen the patent system and to promote innovation.  At the time that the CBM program was created, proponents argued that the financial services sector was being especially harmed by low-quality business method patents, and that the other post-grant review procedures established by the AIA were insufficient to address this category of patents.  Therefore, a special temporary program, expiring in 2020, was created specifically to weed out those financial services-related patents that, in hindsight, should never have been granted in the first place.

By most accounts, the CBM program has successfully carried out its mandate of offering a cheaper and more efficient process than district court litigation to challenge this subset of business method patents, and to filter out the poor-quality patents.  This success has spurred some proponents to advocate for a long-term, or even a permanent, extension of the CBM program.  Some have even argued that CBM should be expanded to include other types of patents.

Opponents of extending the program point out that the number of CBM challenges has declined significantly in recent years, and they argue that this is evidence that most of the weak patents have now been eliminated from the system.  They also note the value of uniformity within the patent system, which can be upset by carve-outs for certain industries and specific types of patents.

While I have supported a limited extension of the CBM program in the past to ensure that the program can fully complete its job, I am skeptical of any effort to expand it beyond its limited scope, or to significantly lengthen the life of the program.  The CBM program was enacted, in part, on the promise that it would be temporary, and I have not seen evidence to date that a dramatic expansion is warranted.

The GAO has written a thorough and detailed report evaluating the CBM program and I appreciate the opportunity to hear from Mr. Neumann today about its findings, and to hear the perspectives of our two stakeholder witnesses as well.  I thank the Chairman for holding this important hearing, and I yield back the balance of my time.

Transitional Program for Covered Business Method Patents

The transitional program for covered business method patents (TPCBM) is a trial proceeding conducted at the Board to review the patentability of one or more claims in a covered business method patent. TPCBM proceedings employ the standards and procedures of a post grant review, with certain exceptions. For example, for first to invent patents only a subset of prior art is available to support the petition. Further, a person may not file a petition for a TPCBM proceeding unless the person or the person's real party in interest or privy has been sued for infringement of the patent or charged with infringement under the patent. The procedure for conducting TPCBM review took effect on September 16, 2012, but only applies to covered business method patents. The program will sunset for new TPCBM petitions on September 16, 2020.

TRADE POLICY REVIEW

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

RECORD OF THE MEETING

Addendum

Chairperson: H.E. Mr. H.E. Eduardo Muñoz Gómez (Colombia)

I. Questions regarding Section I on the Economic Environment.

1.  In Section 2 (Monetary Policy...) of the Report by the Secretariat, paragraph 9 outlines the fiscal stimulus measures adopted by the U.S. administration to buoy the economy. With regard to the Trouble Asset Relief Program, the Report mentions that funding for this program expired in 2010, but states that one quarter of the available funds are outstanding and are allocated to support public investment "in the auto industry," among other sectors. Could the U.S. describe in detail the funds, recipients, programs and implications of said disbursements?

RESPONSE: The Office of Financial Stability, which administers the TARP, maintains a website that provides comprehensive information about TARP, http://www.treasury.gov/initiatives/financial-stability/Pages/default.aspx, that includes pages with descriptions of each program, monthly reports that detail major transactions, and a chart updated daily that shows exactly how much has been expended or recovered in each program under TARP.

https://docs.wto.org/dol2fe/Pages/FE_Search/FE_S_S009-DP.aspx?language=E&CatalogueIdList=234961,130376,116695,92927,86016,83322,98760,70931,53477,50790&CurrentCatalogueIdIndex=2&FullTextHash=&HasEnglishRecord=True&HasFrenchRecord=True&HasSpanishRecord=True

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White House Issues Global Asset Forfeiture Executive Order, Treasury Executes Under Magnitsky Act For Human Rights Abusers & Corrupt Actors

Stay patient.

The United States names will be out shortly.

We have the entire Panama Papers and the Paradise Papers to do.

Consider this Round One because it is all about how they stole our children, our land and our votes.

United States Sanctions Human Rights Abusers and Corrupt Actors Across the Globe

OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL

Specially Designated Nationals List Update

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The following individuals have been added to OFAC's SDN List:  

BADJIE, Yankuba (a.k.a. BADGIE, Yankuba; a.k.a. BADJI, Yankouba), Banjul, The Gambia; DOB 25 Feb 1973; alt. DOB 24 Feb 1973; POB New Jeshwang, Kanifang Municipality, The Gambia; Gender Male (individual) [GLOMAG].

BOL MEL, Benjamin (a.k.a. BOL MEL KUOL, Benjamin; a.k.a. BOL MOL KUOT, Benjamin; a.k.a. BOL, Benjamin; a.k.a. BOR, Benjamin), Othaya Road, Othaya Villas House #2, Nairobi 00202, Kenya; Hai-Jalaba, Centre Street, Juba, Central Equatoria, South Sudan; Juba, South Sudan; DOB 03 Jan 1978; alt. DOB 24 Dec 1978; POB Awiil, Sudan; alt. POB Rialdit, South Sudan; alt. POB Warrap State, South Sudan; alt. POB Abiem, Aweil East County, Northern Bahr al Ghazal, South Sudan; nationality South Sudan; alt. nationality Sudan; Gender Male; Passport B00000006 (South Sudan) issued 26 Jul 2013 expires 26 Jul 2018; President of ABMC Thai-South Sudan Construction Company (individual) [GLOMAG].

CHAYKA, Artem Yuryevich (a.k.a. CHAIKA, Artem), 38/2 Staraya Basmannaya, Apt. 310, Moscow, Russia; DOB 25 Sep 1975; POB Sverdlovsk, Russia; Gender Male; National ID No. 4501052463 (Russia) (individual) [GLOMAG].

DEBOUTTE, Pieter Albert; DOB 15 Jun 1966; POB Roeselare, Flanders, Belgium; nationality Belgium; Gender Male (individual) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan; Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED; Linked To: GERTLER FAMILY FOUNDATION).

GAO, Yan, Beijing, China; DOB Apr 1963; POB Hongtong, Shanxi, China; Gender Male (individual) [GLOMAG].

GERTLER, Dan, 17 Daniel Street, Bnei Brak, Israel; 28 Daniel Street, Bnei Brak, Israel; Avenue Tchatchi 29, Gombe, Kinshasa, Congo, Democratic Republic of the; DOB 23 Dec 1973; POB Tel Aviv, Israel; nationality Israel; alt. nationality Congo, Democratic Republic of the; Gender Male; Passport 10945182 (Israel) issued 28 Jun 2010 expires 27 Jun 2020; alt. Passport 10926248 (Israel) issued 25 Feb 2008 expires 27 Feb 2018; alt. Passport DB0009084 (Congo, Democratic Republic of the) issued 28 May 2015 expires 27 May 2020; National ID No. 027100619 (Israel) (individual) [GLOMAG].

JAMMEH, Yahya (a.k.a. JAMMEH BABILI MANSA, Yahya AJJ; a.k.a. JAMMEH, Alhaji Dr. Abdul-Azziz Jemus Junkung; a.k.a. JAMMEH, Yahya Abdul-Aziz Jemus Junkung), Equatorial Guinea; DOB 25 May 1965; POB Kanilai, The Gambia; nationality The Gambia; Gender Male (individual) [GLOMAG].

JUAREZ RAMIREZ, Julio Antonio (a.k.a. JUAREZ, Julio), Quinta Esterlima Km. 152.5, San Bernardino, Suchitepequez, Guatemala; DOB 01 Dec 1980; POB Mazatenango, Guatemala; nationality Guatemala; Gender Male (individual) [GLOMAG].

KARIMOVA, Gulnara (a.k.a. KARIMOVA, Goulnara; a.k.a. KARIMOVA, Goulnora Islamovna; a.k.a. "Googoosha"), Tashkent, Uzbekistan; DOB 08 Jul 1972; POB Fergana, Uzbekistan; nationality Uzbekistan; citizen Uzbekistan; Gender Female; Passport DA0006735 (Uzbekistan) (individual) [GLOMAG].

KUSIUK, Sergey (a.k.a. KUSYUK, Sergej Nikolaevich; a.k.a. KUSYUK, Serhiy; a.k.a. KYSYUK, Sergei), Moscow, Russia; DOB 01 Dec 1966; POB Malaya Mochulka, Vinnitska, Ukraine; nationality Ukraine; alt. nationality Russia; Gender Male (individual) [GLOMAG].

RIVAS REYES, Roberto Jose, Managua, Nicaragua; DOB 06 Jul 1954; POB Matagalpa, Nicaragua; nationality Nicaragua; Gender Male; Passport A00000604 (Nicaragua) issued 19 Jun 2013 expires 19 Jun 2023; alt. Passport 04091979435 (Nicaragua) issued 19 Jun 2013 expires 19 Jun 2023; National ID No. 4410607540007S (Nicaragua) (individual) [GLOMAG].

RONDON RIJO, Angel, Ave Anacaona #83 Torre Caney Apt 25, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic; DOB 16 Jul 1950; POB Higuey, Dominican Republic; Gender Male; Passport SC2249384 (Dominican Republic) issued 14 Jan 2015 expires 14 Jan 2021; alt. Passport 3297843 (Dominican Republic) issued 14 Jan 2015 expires 14 Jan 2021; National ID No. 00101629970 (Dominican Republic) (individual) [GLOMAG].

SHAH, Mukhtar Hamid, 1 Hill Park Jhellum Road, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan; DOB 11 Aug 1939; alt. DOB 08 Nov 1939; POB Chakwal, Pakistan; nationality Pakistan; Gender Male; National ID No. 3740502728729 (Pakistan) (individual) [GLOMAG].

SOE, Maung Maung, Burma; DOB Mar 1964; nationality Burma; Gender Male; National ID No. Tatmadaw Kyee 19571 (Burma) (individual) [GLOMAG].

TESIC, Slobodan (a.k.a. SLOBODAN, Tezic), Serbia; DOB 21 Dec 1958; POB Kiseljak, Bosnia and Herzegovina; nationality Serbia; citizen Serbia; Gender Male; Passport 009511357 (Serbia) expires 27 Oct 2020; alt. Passport 007671811 (Serbia) expires 05 Aug 2019 (individual) [GLOMAG].

The following entities have been added to OFAC's SDN List:

ABMC THAI-SOUTH SUDAN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LIMITED (a.k.a. ABM CONSTRUCTION COMPANY; a.k.a. ABMC THAI SOUTH SUDAN CONSTRUCTION; a.k.a. AGGREGATE BUILDING MATERIALS CONSTRUCTION COMPANY; a.k.a. THAI SOUTH SUDAN CRUSHER, AGGREGATES, AND BUILDING MATERIALS COMPANY; a.k.a. TSSABM), Customs Area, Adjacent to the Bus Park, Juba, South Sudan; Jebel Kujur, Juba-Yei Road, South Sudan; Luri, Central Equatoria State, South Sudan [GLOMAG] (Linked To: BOL MEL, Benjamin).

AFRICA HORIZONS INVESTMENT LIMITED, Cayman Islands; 57/63 Line Wall Road, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

AFRICADA AIRWAYS, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

AFRICADA FINANCIAL SERVICES AND BUREAU DE CHANGE LTD (a.k.a. AFRICADA FINANCIAL SERVICES & BUREAU DE CHANGE LTD), The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

AFRICADA INSURANCE COMPANY, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

AFRICADA MICRO-FINANCE LTD, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

ATLANTIC PELICAN COMPANY LTD, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

CAPRIKAT AND FOXWHELP SARL, Congo, Democratic Republic of the [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED; Linked To: CAPRIKAT LIMITED; Linked To: FOXWHELP LIMITED).

CAPRIKAT LIMITED, Akara Building, 24 Castro Street, Wickhams Cay 1, P.O. Box 3136, Road Town, Tortola, Virgin Islands, British; Public Registration Number 1577164 (Virgin Islands, British) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

CHARSO LIMITED, P. Lordos Center, Makariou C'Avenue & Vironos Street, Block B, Floor 2, Flat 203 3105, Limassol, Cyprus; Elli Court 210, Archiepiskopou Makariou C'Avenue, 2nd Floor Apt 4, 3030, Limassol, Cyprus; Registration ID C301690 (Cyprus) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: TESIC, Slobodan).

D.G.D. INVESTMENTS LTD. (f.k.a. DAN GERTLER DIAMONDS LTD.), 23 Tuval, Ramat Gan 5252238, Israel; P.O. Box 101, Ramat Gan 5210002, Israel; Public Registration Number 512253352 (Israel) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan).

D.G.I. ISRAEL LTD, 23 Tuval, Ramat Gan 5252238, Israel; P.O. Box 101, Ramat Gan 5210002, Israel; Public Registration Number 513686220 (Israel) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan).

DGI MINING LTD, Palm Grove House, P.O. Box 438, Road Town, Tortola, Virgin Islands, British; Public Registration Number 649877 (Virgin Islands, British) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan).

EMAXON FINANCE INTERNATIONAL INC. (a.k.a. INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION EMAXON INC.), 8356 Rue Labarre, Montreal, Quebec H4P2E7, Canada; Business Number 1160199932 (Canada) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan).

FLEURETTE HOLDINGS NETHERLANDS B.V., Industrieweg 5, Nieuwkoop, Zuid-Holland 2421 LK, Netherlands; Chamber of Commerce Number 55389694 (Netherlands); Legal Entity Number 851683897 (Netherlands) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED, Strawinskylaan 335, WTC, B-Tower 3rd floor, Amsterdam 1077 XX, Netherlands; Gustav Mahlerplein 60, 7th Floor, ITO Tower, Amsterdam 1082 MA, Netherlands; 70 Batetela Avenue, Tilapia Building, 5th floor, Kinshasa, Gombe, Congo, Democratic Republic of the; 57/63 Line Wall Road, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar; Public Registration Number 99450 (Gibraltar) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan).

FOXWHELP LIMITED, Akara Building, 24 Castro Street, Wickhams Cay 1, P.O. Box 3136, Road Town, Tortola, Virgin Islands, British; Public Registration Number 1577165 (Virgin Islands, British) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

GERTLER FAMILY FOUNDATION (a.k.a. LA FONDATION FAMILLE GERTLER), Congo, Democratic Republic of the [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan).

GRAWIT LIMITED, Elli Court, Floor 2, Flat 4, 210, Makariou III Limassol, 3030, Limassol, Cyprus; Registration ID HE272654 (Cyprus) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: TESIC, Slobodan).

HOME AND AWAY LTD., Hai-Amarat (off May Street), Juba, South Sudan [GLOMAG] (Linked To: BOL MEL, Benjamin).

INTERNATIONAL DIAMOND INDUSTRIES (a.k.a. "IDI"), Kinshasa, Congo, Democratic Republic of the [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan).

JARVIS CONGO SARL, No. 70 Batetela Avenue, Tilapia Building (Orange), 5th floor, Kinshasa, Congo, Democratic Republic of the; No. 790 Panda Avenue, Golf Quarter, Lubumbashi, Congo, Democratic Republic of the [GLOMAG] (Linked To: DEBOUTTE, Pieter Albert; Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

KANILAI GROUP INTERNATIONAL (a.k.a. KGI INTERNATIONAL COMPANY LTD), Banjul, The Gambia; P.O. Box 3070 Serrekunda, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

KANILAI WORNI FAMILY FARMS LTD (a.k.a. KANILAI FAMILY FARMS; a.k.a. KANILAI FARMS LIMITED; a.k.a. KANILAI WORNI FARMS), Kanilai, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

KORA MEDIA CORPORATION LTD, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

LORA ENTERPRISES LIMITED, Virgin Islands, British [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED; Linked To: ZUPPA HOLDINGS LIMITED).

OIL OF DR CONGO SPRL (a.k.a. OIL OF DRCONGO), 14 Avenue Sergent Moke, Kinshasa, Gombe, Congo, Democratic Republic of the [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

ORAMA PROPERTIES LTD, Palm Grove House, P.O. Box 438, Road Town, Tortola, Virgin Islands, British; Public Registration Number 1041202 (Virgin Islands, British) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

PALM GROVE AFRICA DEV'T CORP. LTD, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

PATRIOT INSURANCE BROKERS CO. LTD, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

PREDUZECE ZA TRGOVINU NA VELIKO I MALO PARTIZAN TECH DOO BEOGRAD-SAVSKI VENAC (a.k.a. PARTIZAN ARMS; a.k.a. PARTIZAN ARMS DOO; a.k.a. PARTIZAN TECH DOO; a.k.a. PARTIZAN TECH DOO BEOGRAD), Maglajska 19 11000, Beograd (Savski Venac), Serbia; Website www.partizanarms.rs; Registration ID 20125225 (Serbia); Tax ID No. 104260278 [GLOMAG] (Linked To: TESIC, Slobodan).

PROGLAN CAPITAL LTD, 23 Tuval, Ramat Gan 5252238, Israel; P.O. Box 101, Ramat Gan 5210002, Israel; Public Registration Number 515000354 (Israel) [GLOMAG] (Linked To: D.G.D. INVESTMENTS LTD.).

ROYAL AFRICA CAPITAL HOLDING LTD (a.k.a. ROYAL AFRICA HOLDING), The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

ROYAL AFRICA SECURITIES BROKERAGE CO LTD, The Gambia [GLOMAG] (Linked To: JAMMEH, Yahya).

ROZARO DEVELOPMENT LIMITED, 57/63 Line Wall Road, Gibraltar [GLOMAG] (Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

TECHNOGLOBAL SYSTEMS DOO BEOGRAD (a.k.a. CALIDUS TRADE DOO; a.k.a. CALIDUS TRADE DOO BEOGRAD), Maglajska 19 11000, Beograd 6, Beograd, Serbia; Registration ID 20295066 (Serbia); Tax ID No. 105012258 [GLOMAG] (Linked To: TESIC, Slobodan).

ZUPPA HOLDINGS LIMITED, Virgin Islands, British [GLOMAG] (Linked To: GERTLER, Dan; Linked To: FLEURETTE PROPERTIES LIMITED).

Executive Order Blocking the Property of Persons Involved in Serious Human Rights Abuse or Corruption by Beverly Tran on Scribd

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